Use Additional Crosswalk. Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a term for a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of conditions that are caused by mutations in a variety of genes that are critical for normal enamel formation. This condition causes teeth to be unusually small, discolored, pitted or grooved, and prone to rapid wear and breakage.Other dental abnormalities are also possible. Autosomal Dominant Inheritance Can have male to male transmission. In an epidemiologic study in the middle of Sweden comprising 425 000 children age 3-19 yr, 105 children were diagnosed as having hereditary amelogenesis imperfecta (HAI). Primary and permanent teeth are concerned with almost the same severity.